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Pakistan Has More Nuclear Weapons Than India: SIPRI

Pakistan has the upper hand on nuclear weapons and warheads against India, with China taking the lead in the region.

This was the finding of a report by the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI). SIPRI is an independent international institute dedicated to conflict research, armaments, arms control and disarmament. SIPRI was founded in 1966 and provides policy makers, researchers, the media and the general public with data, analysis and recommendations based on open sources.

The SIPRI 2020 Yearbook states that Pakistan’s 160 nuclear weapons and warheads are still higher than India’s. India also increased its nuclear weapons from 130-140 to 150 last year, but remains behind Pakistan.

“The governments of India and Pakistan are declaring some of their missile tests, but are not providing information on the status or size of their arsenals,” the Stockholm-based think tank said in its report.

China is now showing its nuclear armed forces in public more often than in the past, but it publishes little information about the number of armed forces or future development plans, the report said.

Pakistan is in sixth place among nuclear nations with 160 nuclear warheads, the report said, calling it a significant development in upgrading its arsenal.

Other states’ nuclear arsenals are significantly smaller, but all states are either developing or deploying new weapons systems or have announced their intention to do so. China is in the midst of a major modernization and expansion of its arsenal, and it is also believed that India and Pakistan will increase the size of their nuclear arsenals.

The report says China’s number of nuclear warheads is 320, which is twice the number in India, and the country is also expanding its inventory.

At the start of 2020, nine states—the United States, Russia, the United Kingdom, France, China, India, Pakistan, Israel, and North Korea—possessed approximately 13,400 nuclear weapons, of which 3,720 were deployed with operational forces. Approximately 1800 of these are kept in a state of high operational alert.

CountryDeployed warheadsOther warheads Total inventory
USA175040505800
Russia157048056375
UK12095215
France28010290
China320320
Pakistan160160
India150150
Israel9090
North Korea[30-40][30-40]
Total3720968013400

It is positive to note that no nuclear warheads are currently used in South Asia. The report says that India and Pakistan are significantly expanding their arsenal.

Other warheads include warehouses and retired warheads waiting to be dismantled, SIPRI said. All estimates are approximate and as of January 2020. SIPRI reviews its nuclear force data annually based on new information and updates to previous ratings.

The raw material for nuclear weapons is fissile material, either highly enriched uranium (HEU) or separated plutonium, the report said.

China, France, Russia, the United Kingdom and the United States have produced both HEU and plutonium for use in their nuclear weapons. India and Israel mainly produced plutonium, and Pakistan mainly produced HEU, but increased its ability to produce plutonium, SIPRI said.

North Korea has produced plutonium for use in nuclear weapons, but is believed to also produce HEU for nuclear weapons. All states with a civilian nuclear industry are able to produce fissile materials, the report said.

پاکستان کے پاس بھارت سے زیادہ جوہری ہتھیار ہیں: ایس آئی پی آر آئی

اس خطے میں چین کی برتری کے ساتھ بھارت کے خلاف ایٹمی ہتھیاروں اور وار ہیڈز کے معاملے میں پاکستان کی بالا دستی ہے۔

اس بات کا انکشاف اسٹاک ہوم انٹرنیشنل پیس ریسرچ انسٹی ٹیوٹ (ایس آئی پی آر آئی) کے ذریعہ شائع کردہ ایک رپورٹ سے ہوا ہے۔ ایس آئی پی آر آئی ایک آزاد بین الاقوامی ادارہ ہے جو تنازعات ، اسلحے ، اسلحہ پر قابو پانے اور اسلحے سے پاک ہونے کی تحقیق کے لئے وقف ہے۔ 1966 میں قائم ، ایس آئی پی آر آئی پالیسی سازوں ، محققین ، میڈیا اور دلچسپی رکھنے والے عوام کو کھلے ذرائع کی بنیاد پر ڈیٹا ، تجزیہ اور سفارشات مہیا کرتا ہے۔

ایس آئی پی آر آئی ایئر بک 2020 میں کہا گیا ہے کہ بھارت کے مقابلے میں پاکستان کے ایٹمی ہتھیار اور وار ہیڈ 160 سے زیادہ ہیں۔ بھارت نے بھی اپنے جوہری ہتھیاروں کو گذشتہ سال 130-140 سے بڑھا کر 150 تک کردیا تھا لیکن پھر بھی وہ پاکستان سے پیچھے ہے۔

اسٹاک ہوم میں مقیم تھنک ٹینک نے اپنی رپورٹ میں کہا ، “ہندوستان اور پاکستان کی حکومتیں اپنے میزائل تجربوں میں سے کچھ کے بارے میں بیانات دیتی ہیں لیکن ان کے اسلحہ خانے کی حیثیت یا سائز کے بارے میں کوئی معلومات فراہم نہیں کرتی ہیں۔”

رپورٹ میں کہا گیا ہے کہ چین ماضی کے مقابلے میں اب اپنی جوہری افواج کو کثرت سے ظاہر کرتا ہے لیکن فورس نمبر یا مستقبل کے ترقیاتی منصوبوں کے بارے میں بہت کم معلومات جاری کرتا ہے۔

ایٹمی ممالک میں ، 160 ایٹمی سروں کے ساتھ پاکستان چھٹے نمبر پر ہے ، رپورٹ میں کہا گیا ہے کہ اس نے اپنے اسلحے کو بڑھاوا دینے کے سلسلے میں ایک اہم پیشرفت کی ہے۔

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